اثر زئولیت و آبیاری با پساب بر خصوصیات زراعی و عملکرد پنبه رقم ورامین

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه مهندسی آب، دانشگاه بیرجند

2 دانشیار گروه مهندسی آب دانشگاه بیرجند

3 دانشجوی دکتری دانشکده علوم اب دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

4 کارشناس ارشد ابیاری و زهکشی دانشگاه بیرجند

چکیده

در مناطق خشک و نیمه خشک مانند ایران، استفاده از پساب برای آبیاری امری اجتناب‌ناپذیر است. از طرفی کاربرد مواد معدنی مانند زئولیت به‌منظور بهبود رشد گیاهان و کاهش اثرات مضر پساب ضروری می‌باشد. بنابراین منظور تحقیق حاضر به‌منظور بررسی اثر آبیاری با پساب به همراه زئولیت بر گیاه پنبه در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی و به صورت اسپلیت پلات در سال 1395 در شهرستان تربت حیدریه انجام شد. بدین منظور تیمار آبیاری در دو سطح (I1: آبیاری با آب معمولی و I2 آبیاری با پساب) و تیمار زئولیت در دو سطح (Z0: بدون کاربرد زئولیت و Z1: استفاده از زئولیت پتاسیمی در سطح 4 درصد وزنی) و با سه تکرار در نظر گرفته شد. نتایج نشان داد که نوع آب آبیاری بر قطر ساقه، ارتفاع بوته، تعداد برگ، عملکرد وش در چین اول (P<0.01)، وزن بیست قوزه و عملکرد کل (P<0.05) اثر معنی‌داری داشت. مقدار زئولیت بر ارتفاع بوته، عملکرد وش در چین اول، وزن بیست قوزه و عملکرد کل (P<0.01) اثر معنی‌داری نشان داد. برهمکنش نوع آب آبیاری و مقدار زئولیت نیز بر شاخص‌های ارتفاع بوته، وزن بیست قوزه، عملکرد کل (P<0.01)، قطر ساقه و تعداد برگ (P<0.05) اثر معنی‌داری داشت. بیشترین مقدار شاخص‌های قطر ساقه، ارتفاع بوته و تعداد برگ به ترتیب در تیمارهای I2Z0 و I2Z1 و بیشترین وزن بیست قوزه در تیمار I1Z1 مشاهده شد. همچنین، بیشترین عملکرد وش در چین اول در تیمار I2Z1 و بیشترین عملکرد کل در تیمارهای I2Z1 و I1Z1 مشاهده شد. بنابر این نتایج، کاربرد پساب و زئولیت میتواند بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد پنبه موثر باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Zeolite and wastewater irrigation on Cotton (Gossypium herbaceum, Var. Varamin) yield and yield components

نویسندگان [English]

  • Abbas Khashei Siuki 1
  • Ali Shahidi 2
  • Mohsen Ahmadi 3
  • Yahya Choopan 4
1 Associate Professor, Water Engineering Group, University of Birjand
2 Associate Professor, Water Engineering Group, University of Birjand
3 Ph.D student of irrigation and drainage, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
4 Former MSc student of irrigation and drainage, University of Birjand
چکیده [English]

In arid and semi-arid regions, such as Iran, it is inevitable to use wastewater for irrigation. In addition, it is important to apply minerals like zeolite in order to reduce adverse effects of wastewater usage and improve plant growth. Regarding to this purpose, this research was conducted to evaluate the effect of wastewater and zeolite on cotton yield and yield components. Therefore, a randomized complete block design based on split plot was considered during 2016 in Torbate-Heidarieh, Iran. The treatments were consisted of two irrigation types (I1: well water and I2: wastewater) and two zeolite rates (Z0: no application and Z1: 4% w/w) in three replications. Results revealed that irrigation type had significant effect on stem diameter, plant height, number of leaf, first cotton yield (P<0.01), boll weight and total cotton yield (P<0.05). Zeolite application had significant effect on cotton height, first cotton yield, boll weight and total cotton yield (P<0.01). Interaction effect between zeolite application and water type had significant effect on cotton height, boll weight, total cotton yield (P<0.01), stem diameter and number of leaf (P<0.05). Maximum of stem diameter index, plant height and number of leaf were belonged to I2Z0 and I2Z1treatments, respectively.In addition, maximum of boll weight and first cotton yield were related to I1Z1 and I2Z1 treatments, respectively. Also, I2Z1 and I1Z treatments had maximum total cotton yield. So, these results showed that application of wastewater and zeolite can be effective on yield and yield components of cotton. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Municipal Effluent
  • Potasic Zeolite
  • Cotton Growth Components

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