ارزیابی تمایز، یکنواختی و پایداری(DUS) ارقام رایج و جدید پنبه(Gossypium hirsutum L.and G. barbadense) با استفاده از خصوصیات ریخت شناختی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار پژوهش مؤسسه تحقیقات ثبت و گواهی بذر و نهال، کرج

2 دانشیار پژوهش مؤسسه تحقیقات پنبه کشور

3 مربی پژوهش بخش تحقیقات پنبه مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان تهران(ورامین)

4 مربی پژوهش مرکز تحقیقات کشورزی و منابع طبیعی استان فارس(معاونت داراب)

5 دانشیارپژوهش مؤسسه تحقیقات پنبه گشور(گرگان)

6 استادیار پژوهش بخش تحقیقات پنبه مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان تهران(ورامین)

7 دانشیارپژوهش بخش تحقیقات پنبه مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان تهران(ورامین)

8 محقق مؤسسه تحقیقات پنبه(گرگان)

9 محقق مؤسسه تحقیقات ثبت و گواهی بذر و نهال(کرج)

چکیده

برای ارزیابی تمایز، یکنواختی و پایداری ریخت‌شناختی پنبه، پژوهشی برپایه طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار اجرا شد.39 خصوصیت ریخت‌شناختی ارقام ورامین، ساحل، بختگان، مهر، اولتان، دکتر عمومی، سپید، پاک، خرداد، سیلند، ارمغان، گلستان و No. 200 اندازه‌گیری شدند. رنگ گلبرگ و شدت رنگ لکه پای گلبرگ ارقام و ژنوتیپ را به دو گروه تقسیم کردند، رقم دکتر عمومی در یک گروه و بقیه در گروه دیگر قرار گرفتند. براساس رنگ گرده ارقام بختگان و ساحل در یک گروه و بقیه در گروه دیگر قرار گرفتند. کرکداربودن ساقه و شکل گیاه این ارقام را در گروه‌های مجزا قرار دادند. ارقام اولتان، ورامین، مهر، پاک، سیلند، خرداد، سپید، ارمغان و گلستان، براساس تیپ گلدهی گیاه به3 گروه مجزا تقسیم شدند. شکل برش طولی قوزه ارقام مهر، پاک، سیلند، ارمغان و گلستان را به3 گروه تقسیم کرد و ارقام پاک، سیلند و گلستان در یک گروه و ارقام مهر و ارمغان هر کدام در یک گروه مجزا قرار گرفتند. براساس موقعیت کلاله نسبت به پرچمها ارقام پاک و سیلند در یک گروه و رقم گلستان نیز در گروه دیگر قرار گرفت. براساس مشخصه‌های دندانه داربودن براکته و حفره های سطحی قوزه ارقام پاک و سیلند از یکدیگر تفکیک شدند. شکل برگ ارقام ورامین، خرداد و سپید را به 2 گروه تفکیک نمود و ارقام ورامین و خرداد در یک گروه و رقم سپید نیز در گروه دیگر قرار گرفت. در نهایت با موقعیت کلاله نسبت به پرچمها ارقام ورامین و خرداد از یکدیگر جدا و تمام ارقام از یکدیگر تفکیک شدند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of distinctness, uniformity and stability of Cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.and G. barbadense) common and new cultivars by using morphological characteristics

نویسندگان [English]

  • AIDIN HAMIDI 1
  • Kamal Ghasemi Bezdi 2
  • Ebadillah Baniani 3
  • Mohammad Hasan Hekmat 4
  • Omran Alishah 5
  • Morteza Arabsalmani 6
  • Musalreza Vafaeetabar 7
  • Aliasghar Miri 8
  • Fardin Khazaei 9
1 Assistant Prof., Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Institute
2 Associate professor of Cotton Research Institute
3 Research Instructor of Cotton Research department of Tehran province Agriculture and natural resources Research Center(Varamin)
4 Research Instructor of Fars Province Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Center(Darab deputy)
5 Associate professor of Cotton Research Institute(Gorgan)
6 Research Assistant Professor of Cotton Research department of Tehran province Agriculture and Natural Resources Center(Varamin)
7 Research Associate Professor of Cotton Research department of Tehran province Agriculture and Natural Resources Center(Varamin)
8 Researcher of Cotton Research Institute(Gorgan)
9 Researcher of Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Institute(Karaj)
چکیده [English]

For distinctness, morphological uniformity and stability evaluation of cotton, a research based on completely randomized blocks design conducted by four replications. Varamin, Sahel, Bakhtegan, Mehr, Oltan, Dr. Omoomi, Sepid, Pak, Khordad, Sealand, Armaghan, Golestan cultivars and No.200 thirty nine morphological characteristics of their measured. Petal colour and base colour spot intensity qualitative morphological characteristics divided cultivars into two groups, Dr. Omoomi grouped in one group and others grouped in other group. Based on pollen colour Bakhtegan and Sahel cultivars in one group and others in other group settled. Pubescences of stem and plant form separate those cultivars into distinct groups. Oltan,Varamin, Mehr, Pak, Sealand, Khordad, Sepid, Armaghan and Golestan cultivars based on flowering type divided into three distinct. Boll longitude cut form distinct Mehr, Pak, Sealand, Armaghan and Golestan cultivars into three groups and Pak, Sealand and Golestan cultivars in one group and Mehr and Armaghan each in one group. Based on stigma position to anthers Pak and Sealand cultivars in one group and Golestan in other group settled Also on the basis of toothed bracts and boll shallow holes Pak and Sealand distinct each another. Leaf shape separated Varamin, Khordad and Sepid cultivars into two groups and Varamin and Khordad cultivars in one group and Sepid cultivar settled in other group. Finally by stigma position to anthers characteristic separated Varamin and Khordad cultivars and all cultivars separate from each other.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cotton
  • Distinctness
  • Uniformity and Stability(DUS) testing
  • Morphological identification
1. Agrawal, P.K. 1992. Cultivar purity. pp. 170-178. In: Agrawal, P.K. and M. Dadlani (eds.),Techniques in seed science and technology(2ndEd.). South Asian Pub. PVT. Ltd. New Delhi, India.
2. Agrawal, R.L. 1996. Identifying characteristics of crop varieties (2nd ed.). Oxford and IBH Publishing co. Pvt. Ltd.
3. Agrawal, R.L. 1997. Determination of geniuses of varieties, In: Seed technology (2nd. Ed.), pp: 499-513, Oxford & IBH Pub. Co. Pvt. Ltd., India.
4. Agrawal, P.K. 2002. Cultivar purity test, In: Principles of seed technology, pp:96-104. Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi.
5. Ahmad, M.Q., Khan, S.H. and Azhar, F.M. 2012. Decreasing level of genetic diversity in germplasm and cultivars of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) in Pakistan. Journal of Agriculture and Social Science, 8: 92–96. 
6. Ali, Y., Aslam, Z., and Hussain, F. 2005. Genotype and environment interaction effect on yield of cotton under naturally salt stress conditions. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 2(2):169-173.
7. Anwar, A.M., Gill, M.I., Muhammad, D. and Afzal, M.N. 2002. Evaluation of cotton varieties at different doses of nitrogen fertilizer. The Pak. Cottons, 46(1-4): 35-41.
8. Arshad, M., Afzal, M., Khan, M.I. and Mahmood, R. 2003. Performances of newly developed cotton strains for economic and fiber traits in national coordinated varietal trials. Pakistan. Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research, 46(5): 373-375.
9. Ashokkumar, K. 2011. Morphological Diversity and per se Performance in Upland Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Journal of Agricultural Science, 3(2): 107-113.
10. Bowman, D.T. 1998. Public cotton breeders - Do We Need Them? The Journal of Cotton Science 3:139-152.
11. Brubaker, C.L., Bourland, F.M. and Wendel, J.F. 1999. The origin and domestication of cotton, p: 3-32, in: Cotton, origin, technology and production, by: Wayne Smith, C. and Cothran, J.T. (eds.), John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
12. Chaudhary, L., Sindhu, A., Kumar, M., Kumar, R. and Saini, M. 2010. Estimation of genetic divergence among some cotton varieties by RAPD analysis. Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science, 2(3): 039-043.
13. Copur, O. 2006. Determination of yield and yield components of some cotton cultivars in semi-arid conditions. Pakistan Journal of Biological Science, 9(14): 2572-2578.
14. Ehsan, F, Ali, A., Nadeem, Tahir, M.A., and Majeed, A. 2008. Comparative yield performance of new cultivars of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Pakistan Journal of life and Social Science, 6 (1):1-3.
15. Endrizzi, J.E., Turcotte, E.L. and Kohl, R.J. 1984. Qualitative genetics, cytology and cytogenetic, In: Cotton, pp: 82-131, By: Kohl, R.J. and Lewis, C.F. No. 24, American Society of Agronomy, Inc., Crop Science Society of America, Inc., Soil Science Society of America Inc., Publishers, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
16. Esmail, R.M., Zhang, J.F. and Abdel-Hamid, A.M. 2008. Genetic Diversity in Elite Cotton Germplasm Lines Using Field Performance and Rapd Markers. World Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 4 (3): 369-375
17. Fryxell, P.A. 1984. Taxonomy and germplasm resources, In: Cotton, pp: 27-58, By: Kohl, R.J. and Lewis, C.F. No. 24, American Society of Agronomy, Inc., Crop Science Society of America, Inc., Soil Science Society of America Inc., Publishers, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
18. Hamidi, A., Arefi-Naderi, A., Forghani, S.H., Vafaei-Tabar, M., Arabsalmani, M. and Hakimi, M. 2012. Cotton seed production and technology. Ministry of Jihadie-Agriculture Agricultural Research Education and Extensions Organization (AREEO), Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Institute (SPCRI), (In Farsi).
19. Khan, W.S., Khan, A.A., Naz, A.S., and Ali, S. 1989. Performance of six Punjab commercial varieties of Gossypium hirsutum L. under Faisalabad conditions. The Pakistan Cottons, 33(2): 60-65.
20. Khan, A.I., Awan, F.S., Sadia, B., Rana, R.M., and Khan, I.A. 2010. Genetic diversity studies among coloured cotton genotypes by using RAPD markers. Pak. J. Bot., 42(1): 71-77.
21. Lukonge, E.P., Herselman, L. and Labuschagne, M.T. 2007. Genetic diversity of Tanzanian cotton (G.hirsutum L.) revealed by AFLP analysis. Afr. Crop Sci. Conf. Proc. 8: 773-776.
22. Mahmood, S., Irfan, M., Raheel F., and Hussaim, A. 2006. Characterization of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) varieties growth and productivity traits under water deficit conditions. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 8(6):796-800.
23. Meredith, W.R., Jr. 1984. Quantitative genetics, In: Cotton, pp: 151-201, By: Kohl, R.J. and Lewis, C.F. No. 24, American Society of Agronomy, Inc., Crop Science Society of America, Inc., Soil Science Society of America Inc., Publishers, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
24. Ministry of Jihad-e-Agriculture, 2015. Agriculture statistics, first volumehorticultural and field crops, 2009-10 crop year. Ministry of Jihad-e-Agriculture, Programing and economics deputy, Statistics and Information Technology Office, (In Persian).
25. Mozafari, J., Sadeghian, S.Y., Mobasser, S., Hkademi, H. and Mohammadi, S.A. 2010. Principles of plant variety protection. Ministry of Jihad-e-Agriculture Agricultural Research Education and Extensions Organization (AREEO), Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Institute(SPCRI), (In
Persian).
26. OECD, 2015. OECD seed schemes 2015, OECD schemes for the varietal certification or the control of seed moving in international trade. Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development(OECD), Paris.
27. Ooserhiuis, D.M. and Jernstedt, J. 1999. Morphology and anatomy of cotton
plant, p: 175-206, in: Cotton, origin, technology and production, by: Wayne Smith, C. and Cothran, J. T. (eds.), John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
28. Percival, A.E., Wendel, J.F. and Stewart, J.M. 1999. Taxonomy and germplasm resources. In: cotton, orgin, history, technology and production, pp: 33-63, Wayne Smith, C. and Cothren, J.T., John Wiley and Sons, lnc.
29. Percy, R.G. and Kohel, R.J. 1999. Qualitative genetics. In: cotton, orgin, history, technology and production, pp: 319-360, Wayne Smith, C. and Cothren, J.T., John Wiley and Sons, lnc.
30. Rohlf, F.J. 1998. NTSYS-pc. Numerical taxonomy and multivariate analysis system, version 2.02. Exter Software, Setauket, NY.
31. Sezener, V., Bozbek, T., Unay, A. and Yavas, I. 2006. Evaluation of cotton yield trials under Mediterranean conditions in Turky. Asian Journal of Plant Science, 5(4): 686-689.
32. Sheidai, M., Golestanipoor, A. and Jorjani, E. 2006. Chromosome pairing and heterozygote translocation in oltan cotton cultivar and its crossing progenies. Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transaction, 30: 103-108.
33. Sheidai, M., Dokhanchei, A., Shahriari, Z.H., Noormohammadi, Z. and Farahanei, F. 2007. Study of genetic polymorphism in some tetraploid cotton cultivars by using RAPD analysis. Pakistan Journal of Biological Science, 10(16): 2748-2751.
34. SPCRI, 2007. National guidelines for the conduct of tests for distinctness, uniformity and stability in tetrapod cotton. Ministry of Jihad-e-Agriculture, Agricultural Research Education and Extensions Organization (AREEO), Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Institute (SPCRI), (In Persian).
35. SPCRI, 2012. Iran plant varieties national list (1st. vol. Agricultural crops).Ministry of Jihad-e-Agriculture, Agricultural Research Education and Extensions Organization (AREEO), Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Institute(SPCRI), (In Persian).
36. Thomson, J.R. 1979. Release and registration of cultivars, In: An introduction to seed technology, pp: 168-176, Leonard Hill.
37. Tianzhen, Z. and Jiaju, P. 2000. Hybrid seed production in cotton. In: Heterocyst and hybrid seed production in agronomic crops. By: Basra, A.S.(ed.), pp: 149-a84. Food Products Press.
38. Umarani, R., Jerlin, R., Natarajan, N., Masilmani, P. and Ponnuswamy, A.S. 2006. Cultivar identification, In: Experimental seed science and technology, By:pp: 93-101, Agro bios, India.
39. Van Esbroeck, G. and Bowman, D.T. 1998. Cotton germplasm diversity and its importance to cultivar development. The Journal of Cotton Science, 2:121-129.
40. Van Gastel, A.J.G. 1996. Variety evaluation. Pp.:141-150 In: Seed science and technology, By: Van Gastel, A.J.C., Pagnotta, D.M., and Porceddu, E. (eds.), International Center for Agriculural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Aleppo, Syria.
41. Van Gastel, A.J.G. and Bishaw, Z. 1996. Different methods of variety maintenance. In: Seed science and technology, By: Van Gastel, A.J.G., Pagnotta, D.M., and Porceddu ,E. pp: 151-160, ICARDA, ALEPPO, SYRIA.
42. Venugopal, K., Rathinavel, K., and Gururajan, K.N. 2003. Cotton. In: Hybrid seed production in field crops, principles and practices, By: Singhal, N.C. (Ed.), pp: 137-162. Kalayani Publishers, India.
43. UPOV, 2001. 2001. Guidelines for the conduct of tests for distinctness, uniformity and stability Cotton (Gossypium L.). International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV). Geneva.
44. USDA. 2014. Cotton world supply, use, and trade. Available at: www.fas.usda.gov/cotton /current.
45. Wang, C., Isoda, A. and Wang, P. 2004. Growth and yield performance of some cotton cultivars in Xinjiang, China, an arid area with short growing period. J. Agro. Crop Sci., 190: 177-183.
46. Wayne Smith, C., Cantrell, R.G., Moser, HS. and Oakley, S.R. 1999. History of cultivar development in the united states, In: cotton, orgin, history, technology and production, pp: 99-172, Wayne Smith, C. and Cothren, J. T., John Wiley and Sons, lnc.