بررسی عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد سه رقم پنبه در آبیاری به روش بارانی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار موسسه تحقیقات پنبه کشور

چکیده

با توجه به کمبود آب در استان گلستان و لزوم بهینه‎سازی مصرف آب، لازم است تاثیر مقادیر مختلف آب مصرفی بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ارقام مختلف پنبه مشخص شود. به همین منظور این پژوهش با استفاده از سیستم آبیاری بارانی کلاسیک به شکل تک‎شاخه‎ای در گرگان اجرا گردید. با توجه به الگوی مثلثی توزیع آب آبپاش‎ها، شش تیمار آبیاری در طرفین خط بارانی و موازی آن به فاصله 5/2 متری به صورت تیمارهای 1I , 2I , 3 I , 4I , 5I و 6I در نظر گرفته شد، به‌طوری‌که تیمار 1I بیشترین و تیمار 6I کمترین میزان آب و تیمار 2I به اندازه نیاز آبی آب دریافت می‎کرد. برای کشت از ارقام ساحل، سپید و 312- 818  استفاده گردید. طرح آزمایشی به صورت کرت‎های خرد شده نواری با سه تکرار بود. نتایج آزمایش  نشان داد که بیشترین عملکرد مربوط به تیمار 3I بود که اختلاف آن با تیمارهای 4I , 5I و 6I در سال اول و با تمام تیمارها در سال دوم معنی‎دار شد و عملکرد رقم سپید به میزان 9/17 درصد از دو رقم دیگر در سال اول و به میزان 15 درصد از رقم ساحل در سال دوم بیشتر بود. اختلاف بین سه رقم پنبه از نظر درصد زودرسی معنی‎دار نبود، اما از نظر وزن غوزه در سال دوم معنی‎دار بـود. بیشترین وزن غوزه مربوط به تیمار 3I بود و زودرس‎ترین تیمار آبیاری، تیمار آبیاری6I بود. از نظر آب مصرفی تیمار آبیاری 3I به اندازه  27 درصدکمتر از نیاز آبی آب دریافت کرد. 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The evaluation of yield and yield components in three cotton cultivars by sprinkler irrigation

نویسنده [English]

  • Ghorban Ghorbani Nasrabad
Assistant Professor, Cotton Research Institute of Iran
چکیده [English]

Due to water deficit in Golestan, it is necessary to optimize use of water which means to find relation between water use and yield. For this reason, this experiment was conducted by sprinkler irrigation as line source. Six irrigation treatments as I1, I2, I3, I4, I5 and I6 is assumed in two hand of sprinkler line because of sprinkler water triangular distribution, so that I1 and I6 treatments received the highest and the lowest water, respectively and I2 treatment received as water requirement as. Three cotton cultivars of Sahel, Sepid and 818–312 were planted by 20 × 80 centimeter. Experimental design was strip split plot with three replications. The results showed that the highest yield was I3 treatment that with I4, I5 and I6 treatments in the first year and all treatments in the second year had significant difference. Sepid cultivar yield was 17.9 % higher than two cultivars in the first year and 15 % higher than Sahel cultivar in the second year. Difference between three cultivars on view of earliness was not significant and on view of boll weight in the first year was not significant but in the second years was significant. The highest boll weight belonged to I3 Treatment and also I6 Treatment was the highest earliness. Sahel cultivar during two years had the lowest micronairy. Treatment of I3, received on view of water use received 30% less water than water requirement. Ultimately, on view of yield, quality properties and less water use, the best irrigation treatment and cultivar were I3 treatment and Sepid cultivar.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Sprinkler irrigation
  • Cotton
  • Deficit irrigation and Cotton yield
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